Akwai rahotannin barkewar cutar Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) a sassa da yawa na duniya. A cikin yanayin cutar ta COVID-19 na baya-bayan nan, barkewar hMPV a cikin ƙasashe da yawa na haifar da damuwa a tsakanin mutane. Duk da haka, an lura da karuwa a lokuta na cututtukan cututtuka na numfashi, ciki har da cututtuka na hMPV a kasashe daban-daban a cikin iyakar da ake sa ran wannan lokaci na shekara a cikin hunturu.
Game da karuwar lokuta a China, Cibiyar Kariya da Kula da Cututtuka ta Turai (ECDC) ta sanar da cewa "Halin da ake ciki na cututtukan da ke faruwa a kasar Sin yana nuna hauhawar cututtukan cututtukan numfashi na lokaci-lokaci ta hanyar cututtukan cututtukan numfashi na yau da kullun kuma baya haifar da takamaiman damuwa ga EU / EEA.".
A cikin watanni masu sanyi a cikin hunturu, kwayar cutar metapneumovirus (hMPV) tana yawo akai-akai a cikin EU/EEA. Don haka, yanayin halin yanzu ba ze zama sabon abu ba.
Wataƙila, barkewar cutar ta kwanan nan ta kasance saboda bashin rigakafi ko ƙarancin rigakafi da ke da alaƙa da gabatar da ayyukan da ba na magunguna ba (NPI) kamar nisantar da jiki, keɓewa da keɓewa yayin Covid-19 annoba. Ana hasashen cewa matakan NPI sun yi tasiri kan cututtukan cututtukan da yawa.
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) cuta ce mai ɗaure kai, mai lulluɓe ta RNA. Pneumoviridae iyali, tare da numfashi syncytial virus (RSV). An gano shi a cikin 2001 ta hanyar masu binciken ƙwayoyin cuta na Dutch a cikin marasa lafiya na numfashi.
hMPV yana da ƙungiyoyin kwayoyin halitta guda biyu - A da B; kowanne yana da nau'o'in kwayoyin halitta guda biyu, watau A1 da A2; B1 da B2. Akwai nau'i-nau'i guda biyar masu yawo da suka wanzu shekaru da yawa. A cewar sabon rahoto, zuriyar littafai guda biyu A2.2.1 da A2.2.2 sun bayyana wanda ke nuna yanayin da yake tasowa. Koyaya, canje-canjen suna sannu a hankali, kuma ba a ɗaukar hMPV a matsayin yuwuwar kamuwa da cuta. Wannan shi ne saboda wannan kwayar cutar tana cikin yawan mutane shekaru da yawa don haka za a sami wasu rigakafin garken garken. Cututtukan suna da alaƙa da shigowar wani labari mai cutarwa a cikin al'ummar da mutane ba su da fallasa don haka ba su da rigakafi.
hMPV na ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da mura na gama gari wanda ke sa mutanen da abin ya shafa su yi rashin lafiya kuma suna yaduwa ta hanyar ɗigon ɗigon numfashi daga waɗanda abin ya shafa zuwa wasu. Yawanci yana shafar jarirai da yara, tsofaffi da mutanen da ba su da rigakafi. Rigakafin hMPV kamar rigakafin wasu cututtuka na numfashi kamar sa abin rufe fuska, wanke hannu, zama a gida lokacin rashin lafiya da sauransu. Ana gano cutar ta hanyar gwajin sarkar polymerase (PCR). Magani shine ta hanyar ba da kulawar jinya. A halin yanzu, babu takamaiman maganin rigakafi don magance cutar hMPV.
***
References:
- HUKUMAR LAFIYA TA DUNIYA. Hanyoyin kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi mai tsanani, gami da cutar metapneumovirus, a Arewacin Hemisphere. 7 Janairu 2025. Akwai a https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2025-DON550
- Cibiyar Kariya da Kula da Cututtuka ta Turai. Labarai - Haɓaka cututtukan numfashi a China. An buga 8 Janairu 2025. Akwai a https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/increase-respiratory-infections-china
- Barkewar Cutar A China saboda HMPV: Shin "bashi na rigakafi" zai iya bayyana shi?. JEFI [Internet]. 6 Janairu 2025. Akwai daga: https://efi.org.in/journal/index.php/JEFI/article/view/59
- Devanathan N., et al. Hanyoyin da ke tasowa A2.2.1 da A2.2.2 na mutum metapneumovirus (hMPV) a cikin cututtuka na numfashi na yara: Hanyoyi daga Indiya. Yankunan IJID. Juzu'i na 14, Maris 2025, 100486. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100486
- HUKUMAR LAFIYA TA DUNIYA. Mutum metapneumovirus (hMPV) kamuwa da cuta. An buga 10 Janairu 2025. Akwai a https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/human-metapneumovirus-(hmpv)-infection/
***