Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan ya yi kiyasin yawan cututtuka na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan da kuma cututtukan cututtukan da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar ta GUD. Alkaluman sun nuna cewa kimanin mutane miliyan 846 masu shekaru 15-49 ne ke dauke da cututtukan al'aura a cikin 2020, wanda ya fi kashi 20% na mutanen wannan rukunin shekaru a duniya. Don kwatantawa, jimillar mutanen da suka kamu da cutar al’aura a cikin 2016 sun kai kusan rabin biliyan. Yawan adadin abubuwan da suka faru da yaduwa da haɓakar shekara-shekara a cikin 'yan shekarun nan suna buƙatar ƙarin ingantattun matakan rigakafi. A halin yanzu, babu lasisin rigakafin HSV. Akwai 'yan takarar rigakafin HSV da yawa a cikin bututun duk da haka duk suna cikin yanayin da ya dace, har yanzu ba su shiga lokaci na 1 na gwajin asibiti na ɗan adam.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) cuta ce ta DNA mai ɗaure biyu na dangin herpesviridae. Yana ɗaure don karɓar masu karɓar salula kuma yana yin kwafi a cikin kyallen takarda daban-daban kamar ƙwayoyin epithelial, neurons, da sauransu. Yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta na yau da kullun wanda yake asymptomatic mafi yawan lokuta amma yana iya haifar da blisters ko ulcers. Cutar ta yaɗu ta hanyar hulɗar fata-da-fata.
Ciwon HSV yana da tsawon rai, ana iya magance shi amma ba za a iya warkewa ba.
HSV yana da nau'i biyu. HSV-1 galibi yana haifar da ciwon kai na baka kuma yana yaduwa ta hanyar tuntuɓar baki, duk da haka yana iya shiga cikin kamuwa da cutar ta al'aura kuma ana ɗaukarsa ta hanyar jima'i.
HSV-2 yana haifar da cututtukan al'aura kuma yana yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i. Cutar cututtukan al'aura (GUD) tana da alaƙa da HSV-2 da HSV-1.
Mutanen da ke fama da kamuwa da cutar HSV, musamman HSV-2 suna cikin haɗari mafi girma na kamuwa da cutar ta HIV (HIV).
An san kamuwa da cutar Herpes simplex ya shafi mutane da yawa a duniya. A cikin 2016, wani bincike ya kiyasta adadin irin waɗannan mutane. An gano cewa kimanin mutane rabin biliyan sun kamu da cutar ta al'aura da aka danganta da HSV-2 da HSV-1 yayin da mutane biliyan da dama suka kamu da cutar ta baka ta hanyar HSV-1. Bugu da ari, miliyoyin mutanen da abin ya shafa suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ta HIV.
Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan da aka buga a ranar 10 ga Disamba 2024 ya ba da haske kan girman wannan matsalar. Yin amfani da ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga da shigarwar samfuri daga bita na tsari da meta-bincike na bayanan yaɗuwar HSV ga duk yankuna na WHO, binciken ya haifar da ƙididdiga na faruwa da yaduwar cututtukan HSV na al'ada a duniya a cikin 2020 a cikin rukunin shekaru 15-49, Ciwon gyambon al'aura (GUD) da ke haifar da nau'ikan HSV da cututtukan da ba na al'aurar da HSV-1 ke haifarwa ba.
Tebura: Yawan cututtukan cututtukan HSV na al'aura a cikin 2020 a cikin rukunin masu shekaru 15-49.
Adadin mutanen da suka tsufa 15-49 shekaru kamuwa da cututtukan HSV na al'ada a duk duniya a cikin shekara 2020 |
Cutar cututtuka na HSV na al'ada saboda HSV-2: →Sabbin shari'o'i miliyan 25.6 (wasu faru), →519.5 miliyan (ko 13.3%) jimlar shari'o'in da ke akwai (yawanci) →miliyan 187.9 tare da aƙalla kashi ɗaya na HSV-wanda ake iya dangantawa da cutar Ulcer (GUD) don HSV-2 |
Cutar cututtuka na HSV saboda HSV-1: →Sabbin shari'o'i miliyan 16.8 (wasu faru) →376.2 miliyan (ko 10.2%) jimlar shari'o'in da ke akwai (yawanci) →miliyan 16.7 tare da aƙalla kashi ɗaya na HSV-wanda ake iya dangantawa da cutar Ulcer (GUD) don HSV-2 |
→846 miliyan shine jimlar adadin mutanen da ke da shekaru 15-49 da ke zaune tare da cututtukan cututtukan al'aura (yawan HSV-2 da yaduwar HSV-1). Wannan shine fiye da kashi 20% na mutanen da ke cikin wannan rukunin shekaru a duniya. →204.6 miliyan shine jimlar adadin mutane masu shekaru 15-49 tare da aƙalla kashi ɗaya na HSV-wanda ake iya dangantawa da GUD →Kimanin mutane miliyan 42 suna samun sabbin cututtukan cututtukan al'aura kowace shekara. |
(Madogararsa: Harfouche M., et al 2024) |
Kamar yadda binciken da aka yi a baya-bayan nan, jimillar mutane miliyan 846 masu shekaru 15-49 suna rayuwa tare da cututtukan cututtukan al'aura (saboda HSV-2 da HSV-1) a cikin shekara ta 2020. Don kwatanta, a cikin 2016, kusan rabin mutane biliyan (a cikin kowane rukuni na shekaru) yana da kamuwa da cututtukan al'aura.
A bayyane yake, cututtuka na HSV na al'ada suna da yawan abin da ya faru da kuma yawan yaduwa. A cikin 2020, fiye da kashi 20% na mutanen da ke cikin shekaru 15-49 a duniya suna da kamuwa da cutar ta al'aura. Abin damuwa, lambobin sun karu cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Halin yana buƙatar ƙarin ingantaccen rigakafi da warkewa matakan. A halin yanzu, babu lasisin rigakafin HSV. Akwai 'yan takarar rigakafin HSV da yawa a cikin bututun duk da haka duk suna cikin yanayin da ya dace, har yanzu ba su shiga lokaci na 1 na gwajin asibiti na ɗan adam.
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References:
- HUKUMAR LAFIYA TA DUNIYA. Fact sheet - Herpes simplex virus. 10 Disamba 2024. Akwai a https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/herpes-simplex-virus
- James, Charlotte et al. "Cutar cutar ta Herpes simplex: Yawan kamuwa da cuta na duniya da ƙididdiga na faruwa, 2016." Bulletin na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya vol. 98,5 (2020): 315-329. Akwai a https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7265941/
- Harfouche M., et al 2024. Ƙididdigar abubuwan da suka faru na duniya da na yanki da kuma yaduwar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na herpes simplex da cutar ulcer a cikin 2020: nazarin ilimin lissafi. Cututtukan da ake kamuwa da jima'i, BMJ Journals. Buga Kan layi Farko: 10 Disamba 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2024-056307
- Labaran WHO- Sama da 1 cikin 5 manya a duniya suna da kamuwa da cututtukan al'aura - WHO. An buga 11 Disamba 2024. Akwai a https://www.who.int/news/item/11-12-2024-over-1-in-5-adults-worldwide-has-a-genital-herpes-infection-who
- HUKUMAR LAFIYA TA DUNIYA. Rigakafi, Alurar rigakafi da Halitta - Herpes Simplex Virus. Akwai a https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/herpes-simplex-virus
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