Sadarwar sararin samaniya mai zurfi bisa mitar rediyo na fuskantar ƙalubale saboda ƙarancin bandwidth da kuma ƙaruwar buƙatar yawan watsa bayanai. Tsarin Laser ko na gani yana da yuwuwar karya ƙa'idodin sadarwa. NASA ta gwada sadarwa ta Laser akan nisan nesa kuma ta nuna sadarwa mai girman bandwidth a cikin sararin samaniya mai zurfi lokacin da ta haska zuwa Duniya wani bidiyo mai girman gaske ta hanyar laser daga nisan kilomita miliyan 32, daga jirgin sama na Psyche wanda a halin yanzu ke tafiya ta cikin sararin samaniya mai zurfi zuwa Psyche mai arzikin ƙarfe wanda ke cikin bel ɗin asteroid tsakanin Mars da Jupiter. Wannan shine gwaji na farko na sadarwa ta gani bayan Wata. Eriya ta Deep Space Network (DSN) ta karɓi siginar laser ta rediyo da kuma ta kusa da infrared.
Ana gudanar da sadarwa mai zurfi ta amfani da mitoci na rediyo. Duk da haka, tsarin da ke dogara da mitoci na rediyo ba zai iya biyan buƙatun sadarwa na yanzu da na gaba na ɓangaren sararin samaniya ba saboda ƙarancin bandwidth da kuma ƙaruwar buƙatar yawan watsa bayanai.
A gefe guda kuma, sadarwa ta hanyar laser ko na gani tana ba da fa'idodi da yawa dangane da manyan bandwidth, hanyoyin haɗin bayanai masu yawa da ƙarancin tashoshin SWaP (girma, nauyi da ƙarfi). Tana da damar haɓaka ƙimar bayanai sau 10 zuwa 100 na ƙarfin mafi yawan tsarin rediyo masu inganci da ake amfani da su a yanzu don haka zai iya karya ƙa'idodin sadarwa. Saboda haka, wajibcin haɓaka sadarwa ta gani don sadarwa mai zurfi mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya biyan buƙatun watsa bayanai na duniya na gaba.
Gwajin Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) wani gwaji ne na fasaha wanda ke nuna nauyin da ke cikin jirgin sama na Psyche wanda a halin yanzu ke tafiya ta cikin sararin samaniya mai zurfi zuwa ga tauraron dan adam mai arzikin ƙarfe Psyche wanda ke cikin bel ɗin tauraron dan adam tsakanin Mars da Jupiter. A watan Disamba na 2023, ya nuna sadarwa mai girman bandwidth a cikin sararin samaniya mai zurfi lokacin da ya haskaka Duniya da wani bidiyo mai matuƙar ma'ana ta hanyar laser daga kilomita miliyan 32 a cikin sararin samaniya mai zurfi. Wannan shine gwaji na farko na sadarwa mai gani bayan Wata.
Cibiyar Sadarwar Sararin Samaniya (DSN) cibiyar sadarwa ce ta wurare daban-daban a duniya don sadarwa da jiragen sama masu nisa da ke binciken tsarin hasken rana. Eriya ta gwaji ta wannan hanyar sadarwa ta karɓi siginar rediyo da laser daga jirgin sama na Psyche a cikin sararin samaniya mai zurfi. Wannan yana nuna cewa eriya ta DSN waɗanda a halin yanzu ke sadarwa da jiragen sama ta hanyar siginar rediyo za a iya sake haɗa su don sadarwa ta laser.
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References:
- Karmous S., et al 2022. Ta yaya Sadarwar Na gani za ta iya siffata makomar sadarwar sararin samaniya mai zurfi? A Survey. Preprint arXiv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.04933
- Robinson BS, 2023. Sadarwar Na gani don Binciken Sararin Samaniya da Kimiyya. Taron Sadarwar Fiber Optical 2023.
- NASA's Tech Demo Yana Yawo Bidiyo na Farko daga sararin samaniya ta hanyar Laser. An buga 18 Disamba 2023. Akwai a https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/tech-demo-missions-program/deep-space-optical-communications-dsoc/nasas-tech-demo-streams-first-video-from-deep-space-via-laser/
- NASA. Labarai – Sabuwar Eriya ta Gwaji ta NASA tana Bibiyar Laser Sarari mai zurfi. An buga a kan 08 Fabrairu 2024. Akwai a https://www.nasa.gov/technology/space-comms/deep-space-network/nasas-new-experimental-antenna-tracks-deep-space-laser/
- Sadarwar Sadarwar Zurfafa Sararin Samaniya (DSOC) https://www.nasa.gov/mission/deep-space-optical-communications-dsoc/
- Ofishin Jakadancin Psyche. https://science.nasa.gov/mission/psyche/
- NASA's Deep Space Network (DSN) https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/dsn
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