Aku Kākāpō (wanda kuma aka sani da "akuwar mujiya " saboda yanayin fuskarsa mai kama da mujiya) nau'in aku ne da ke fuskantar barazanar karewa daga New Zealand . Dabba ce da ba a saba gani ba domin ita ce tsuntsaye mafi tsayi a duniya (na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 90). Tana da nauyin kimanin kilogiram 3-4, kuma ita ce aku mafi nauyi, marar tashi da dare a duniya.
Kākāpō sun zauna a New Zealand tun bayan juyin halittarsu a keɓe amma yawan jama'arsu ya ragu da sauri. A shekarun 1970, maza 18 kacal aka san suna wanzuwa. An tabbatar da wanzuwar mace Kākāpō a shekarar 1980. Godiya ga tsarin kiyayewa mai ƙarfi, an kawo aku Kākāpō daga gab da halaka. Adadinsu ya kai 51 a shekarar 1995. A yau, kākāpō 247 suna raye 1,2.
Domin taimakawa kiyayewa, an fara aikin Kākāpō125+ a shekarar 2015 don tsara kwayoyin halittar kākāpō masu rai 125 tare da wasu muhimman mutane da suka mutu kwanan nan. Manufar ita ce inganta tsarin kwayoyin halitta na kākāpō, musamman don magance ƙarancin haihuwa (rashin haihuwa) da cututtuka da ke hana murmurewa. An kammala cikakken tsarin chromosome na kwayar halittar mutum ɗaya ta kākāpō a shekarar 2018 3.
A wani bincike da aka buga a ranar 29 ga Agusta 2023, ƙungiyar binciken ta ba da rahoton jerin kwayoyin halittar kusan dukkan al'ummar kākāpō (kamar yadda yake a shekarar 2018) na mutane 169 kākāpō, daga mutane 125 masu rai da samfuran da aka adana 44. Bayanan matakin yawan jama'a suna danganta bambancin kwayoyin halitta a cikin nau'in da takamaiman jerin DNA da ke da alaƙa da halaye kamar kamuwa da cuta, girman kaji da sauransu. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen gano haɗarin lafiya da wuri don tsara magani da aka keɓance ga kowane tsuntsu kākāpō. Wannan hanyar gano takamaiman fasalulluka na kwayoyin halitta masu mahimmanci ga rayuwa za a iya sake amfani da ita don sarrafa kiyaye sauran nau'ikan halittu masu haɗari 4,5.
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References:
- Ma'aikatar Kulawa. Gwamnatin NZ. Kakapo farfadowa. Akwai a https://www.doc.govt.nz/our-work/kakapo-recovery/
- Tarihin Tarihi na Halitta. An ja da baya kakapo na New Zealand daga ƙarshen bacewa. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/new-zealands-quirky-kakapo-are-pulled-back-from-extinction.html
- Ma'aikatar Kulawa. Gwamnatin NZ. Kakapo125+ jerin kwayoyin halitta https://www.doc.govt.nz/our-work/kakapo-recovery/what-we-do/research-for-the-future/kakapo125-gene-sequencing/
- Jami'ar Otago 2023. Labarai - Ceton nau'ikan daga bacewa - ƙima mai inganci kākāpō yawan adadin yawan jama'a yana ba da ci gaba a fahimtar mahimman abubuwan kiyayewa. Akwai a https://www.otago.ac.nz/news/otago0247128.html An sabunta ta a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2023.
- Guhlin, J., Le Lec, MF, Wold, J. et al. Kākāpo mai faɗin nau'ikan halittu yana ba da kayan aiki don hanzarta farfadowa. Nat Ecol Evol (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-02165-y Preprint a bioRxiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.22.513130
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