Nazarin kwayoyin halitta bisa tsohuwar DNA da aka ciro daga kwarangwal da aka saka a cikin simintin gyare-gyare na Pompeii na mutanen da fashewar dutsen Vesuvius ya rutsa da su a shekara ta 79 AZ ya saba wa fassarori na al'ada game da asalin wadanda abin ya shafa da alakar su. Nazarin kuma ya nuna cewa Pompeiians zuriyar bakin haure na gabashin Bahar Rum ne na baya-bayan nan wanda ya yi daidai da tsarin duniya da aka gani a daular Roma ta zamani.
Pompeii tsohon birni ne mai tashar jiragen ruwa na Roma a Italiya. Wata gagarumar fashewar dutsen Vesuvius a shekara ta 79 A.Z. An adana sifofi da nau'ikan wadanda abin ya shafa saboda tattakin pumice lapilli da toka daga fashewar aman wuta da ke kewaye da gawarwakin. Masu binciken sun dawo da bayanan gawarwakin bayan shekaru da dama ta hanyar cika ramukan da filasta. Filayen simintin gyare-gyaren da aka ƙirƙira don haka an haɗa su da ragowar kwarangwal na mazauna birnin.
Nazarin kwayoyin halitta da aka yi amfani da ragowar ɗan adam da aka saka a cikin simintin gyare-gyaren filasta ya fuskanci ƙalubale saboda matsalolin dawo da tsohuwar DNA. Yin amfani da hanyoyin tushen PCR, masu bincike zasu iya dawo da bayanan kwayoyin halitta daga gajeriyar mitochondrial DNA. Sabbin fasahohin fasaha sun ba da damar cire tsoffin DNA (aDNA) masu inganci daga hakora da ƙasusuwan ƙasusuwa.
A cikin wani binciken da aka buga a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 2024, masu binciken, a karon farko, sun samar da tsohuwar DNA mai faɗin kwayar halitta da bayanan isotopic na strontium daga ragowar ɗan adam a cikin simintin gyare-gyaren filasta don bayyana tsoffin mutanen Pompeian. Ƙarshe daga nazarin kwayoyin halitta an samo su sun yi daidai da labarun gargajiya.
A al'adance, "baligi sanye da abin hannu na zinariya tare da yaro a kan cinya" ana fassara shi da "uwa da yaro", yayin da "wasu biyu da suka mutu a cikin runguma" ana tunanin su 'yan'uwa ne. Duk da haka, binciken kwayoyin halitta ya gano cewa balagagge a farkon lamarin namiji ne wanda ba shi da alaka da yaron yana karyata fassarar uwa da yaro na gargajiya. Hakazalika, aƙalla mutum ɗaya a cikin shari'a na biyu na mutane biyu da aka rungume an gano cewa namiji ne na jinsi wanda ya karyata fassarar gargajiya ga 'yan'uwa mata. Wannan yana nuna cewa kallon abubuwan da suka gabata tare da zato na zamani game da halayen jinsi bazai zama abin dogaro ba.
Har ila yau, binciken ya gano cewa 'yan Pompeians sun samo asali ne daga 'yan gudun hijira na baya-bayan nan daga gabashin Bahar Rum wanda ya yi daidai da tsarin duniya da aka gani a cikin daular Roma ta zamani.
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References:
- Pilli E., et al 2024. ƙalubalen DNA na dā da ke mamaye fassarori na simintin gyare-gyare na Pompeii. Halittar Halittu na Yanzu. An buga 7 Nuwamba 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.007
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. Gidan Labarai - Shaidar DNA ta sake rubuta labarin mutanen da aka binne a fashewar Pompeii. An buga 7 Nuwamba 2024. Akwai a https://www.mpg.de/23699890/1106-evan-dna-evidence-rewrites-story-of-people-buried-in-pompeii-eruption-150495-x
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Shafuka masu dangantaka
- Burbushin Tsohuwar Chromosomes tare da ingantaccen Tsarin 3D na Mammoth maras kyau (22 ga Yuli, 2024).
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