Bambance-bambancen cutar Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD), wacce aka fara ganowa a shekarar 1996 a Burtaniya, cutar sankarar shanu (BSE ko 'cutar 'mahaukaciyar shanu') da cutar barewa ta Zombie ko Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) wadda a halin yanzu ake samun labarai a kai suna da abu ɗaya iri ɗaya - abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtuka uku ba ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta ba ne amma sunadaran 'marasa kyau' da ake kira 'prions'.
Prions suna da kamuwa da cuta sosai kuma suna da alhakin kisa, cututtukan neurodegenerative marasa warkewa tsakanin dabbobi (BSE da CWD) da mutane (vCJD).
| Menene Prion? Kalmar 'prion' ita ce gajarta ga 'barbashi masu kamuwa da cuta'. Prion Protein Gene (PRNP) ya sanya a furotin wanda ake kira prion protein (PrP). A cikin ɗan adam, prion protein gene PRNP yana samuwa a cikin lambar chromosome 20. Protein prion na al'ada yana samuwa a saman tantanin halitta don haka ana nuna shi azaman PrP.C. The 'proteinaceous kamuwa da cuta barbashi' sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin prion ne misfolded version na prion protein PrPC kuma ana nuna shi azaman PrPSc (Sc saboda nau'in scrapie ne ko kuma wani nau'i mara kyau da ke da alaƙa da cutar da aka gano a cikin cutar scrapie a cikin tumaki). Yayin samar da tsarin manyan makarantu da na quaternary, a wasu lokuta, ana samun kurakurai kuma sunadaran suna yin ɓarna ko kuma su yi kuskure. Yawancin lokaci ana gyara wannan kuma a gyara shi zuwa ainihin sigar da ƙwayoyin chaperone suka daidaita. Idan furotin da aka yi kuskure bai sami gyara ba, ana aika shi don proteolysis kuma yawanci yana raguwa. Koyaya, furotin prion da aka ɓace yana da juriya ga proteolysis kuma ya kasance mara lalacewa kuma yana canza furotin prion na al'ada PrP.C zuwa nau'in scrapie mara kyau PrPSc haifar da proteopathy da tabarbarewar salula wanda ke haifar da cututtukan jijiya da yawa a cikin mutane da dabbobi. Siffar cututtuka na scrapie (PrPSc) ya bambanta da tsarin furotin na al'ada (PrPC). Protein prion na al'ada yana da 43% alpha helices da 3% beta zanen gado yayin da maras al'ada sigar scrapie yana da 30% alpha helices da 43% beta zanen gado. Juriya na PrPSc to protease enzyme ana dangana ga rashin daidaituwa babban adadin beta zanen gado. |
Cutar Wasteing Disease (CWD) , wadda kuma aka sani da cutar barewa ta Zombie cuta ce mai kisa wadda ke shafar dabbobin cervid ciki har da barewa, elk, reindeer, sika barewa da moose. Dabbobin da abin ya shafa suna fama da matsanancin asarar tsoka wanda ke haifar da raguwar nauyi da sauran alamun cututtukan jijiyoyi.
Tun lokacin da aka gano shi a ƙarshen 1960s, CWD ya bazu zuwa ƙasashe da yawa a Turai (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania da Poland), Arewacin Amurka (Amurka da Kanada) da Asiya (Koriya ta Kudu).
Babu nau'i ɗaya na CWD prion. An siffanta nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda goma har zuwa yau. Nauyin da ke damun dabbobi a Norway da Arewacin Amurka sun bambanta, haka kuma nau'in da ke damun dokin Finland. Bugu da ƙari, ƙila za a iya samun nau'ikan sabbin abubuwa a nan gaba. Wannan yana haifar da ƙalubale wajen ayyana da rage wannan cuta a cikin mahaifa.
CWD prion yana iya yaɗuwa sosai wanda lamari ne na damuwa ga yawan mahaifa da lafiyar jama'a.
Babu magani ko alluran rigakafi a halin yanzu.
Ba a gano cutar ɓarna na yau da kullun (CWD) a cikin mutane har yau. Babu wata shaida da ta nuna cewa CWD prions na iya cutar da mutane. Duk da haka, nazarin dabbobi ya ba da shawarar da ba na ɗan adam ba da ke ci (ko, sun yi hulɗa da kwakwalwa ko ruwan jiki na) dabbobi masu kamuwa da CWD suna cikin haɗari.
Akwai damuwa game da yiwuwar yaɗuwar CWD prions ga mutane, wataƙila ta hanyar cin naman barewa ko elk da ke ɗauke da cutar. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a hana hakan shiga sarkar abinci ta ɗan adam.
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References:
- Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar (CWD). Akwai a https://www.cdc.gov/prions/cwd/index.html
- Atkinson CJ et al 2016. Prion protein scrapie da furotin prion na salula na al'ada. Prion. 2016 Jan-Fabrairu; 10 (1): 63-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19336896.2015.1110293
- Suna, J.L., et al 2023. Novel Prion Strain a matsayin Sanadin Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Kwalara a cikin Moose, Finland. Cututtuka masu tasowa, 29 (2), 323-332. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2902.220882
- Otero A., et al 2022. Fitowar nau'ikan CWD. Salon Tissue Res 392, 135-148 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-022-03688-9
- Mathiason, C.K. Manya-manyan nau'ikan dabbobi don cutar rashin lafiya na yau da kullun. Salon Nama Res 392, 21-31 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-022-03590-4
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, which is also known as Zombie deer disease is fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting cervid animals including deer, elk, reindeer, sika deer and moose. The affected animals suffer drastic muscle wasting leading to weight loss and other neurologic symptoms.){kind=link}